SSL certificate renewal can become a cumbersome task, especially when dealing with multiple domain names. Subject Alternative Names (SAN) provide an efficient solution, allowing you to consolidate multiple common names into a single certificate. Unlike wildcard SSL certificates, SAN enables the inclusion of various domain names and even IP addresses.
Key Features of SAN:
- Multiple Common Names: SAN allows the inclusion of multiple common names in a single SSL certificate.
- Versatility: You can add both domain names and IP addresses, providing flexibility in certificate configurations.
- Reduction of Multiple Certs: SAN streamlines SSL certificate management by reducing the need for multiple certificates.
The Renewal Process with SAN:
A) CSR Generation:
1. Create san.cnf File:
Prepare a san.cnf file with appropriate Subject Alternative Names (DNS/IP).
2. Generate CSR:
Utilize the following command to generate the Certificate Signing Request (CSR):
openssl req -out gitlab_new.csr -newkey rsa:2048 -nodes -keyout gitlab_new.key -config san.cnf
3. Secure Storage:
Save the generated CSR and key securely for future reference.
4. CSR Verification:
Verify your CSR with the command:
openssl req -noout -text -in <CSR file> | grep DNS
5. Send CSR to Signing Authority:
Share the CSR (e.g., gitlab_new.csr) with the certificate signing authority for certificate issuance.
B) Obtain the Certificate:
Follow the certificate conversion process from .crt to .cer using the Certificate Wizard.
Double-click on the *.crt file to open it into the certificate display.
1. Select the Details tab, then select the Copy to file option.
2. Choose next on the Certificate Wizard
3. Select Base-64 encoded X.509 (.CER) in the File format window, then Next.
4. Select Browse (to locate a destination) and type in the filename.
5. Choose Next, then the certificate file with the format .cer will be saved in the selected destination.
Verification
Use the command below to verify your cert:
openssl x509 -in -text -noout
C) Install the Certificate:
- Copy the obtained certificate to the designated folder within the application configuration directory. For example, GitLab uses /etc/gitlab/trusted-certs/.
Verification:
Ensure the successful installation of the certificate using the command:
openssl x509 -in <CERT file name> -text -nooutConclusion
Efficient SSL certificate management is crucial for secure online communication. Utilizing SAN during the renewal process not only simplifies the management of multiple domain names but also enhances the flexibility and versatility of SSL certificates. By streamlining the renewal process, organizations can ensure the seamless operation of secure applications and websites.